SECTION A

1. Important equipment that could be used in preparing fruit juice.

1. Blender
2. Sieve
3. Jug
4. Bowl                                                                               ( Any 2×1 = 2 marks )

2. Mention two ways of taking care of hair.

– By shampooing /washing

– By cutting / shaving 

– By paiting

– By combing

–  By use of chemicals                                                             (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

3. Reasons for blending fibres  

– To improve quality of fabric

– To provide a variety of fabric

– To make fabric affordable                                                   ( Any 2×1 = 2 marks )

4. Examples of builders added to detergents during manufacturing.

– Sodium carbonate

– Borax

– Sodium sulphate

– Sodium silicate                                                            (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

5. Difference between stewing and boiling methods of cooking.

– Stewing is a method of cooking where a measured amount of water is used while  boiling  is a method where the food is immersed in water when cooking         ( 1×2 = 2 marks )

6. Meaning of the term ingredient in meal preparation.

Is a substance used in preparation of a dish                                         (1x 2 = marks)

7. Items that could be used to prevent cross- infection from one reason to another.

– Masks

– Gloves

– Apron

– Dust coat

– Special Shoes/Boots

–  Face Shields                                                                               (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

8. Types of raising agents.

        –  Physical

–  Mechanical

–  Chemical

         –  Biological                                                                              (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

9. Trimmings that could also serve as fasteners.

        – Ribbon

– Button

– Lace

– Velcro

–  Rouleau loop                                                                                    ( Any 2×1 = 2 marks )

10. Why Home Science is referred to as an integrated Subject.

– Its content comprises of many other subjects / it incorporates principles of other subjects

11. Difference between an appetizer and a dessert.

– Appetizer is taken at the beginning of a meal while a dessert is taken at the end of the meal

– Appetizer improves the appetite while dessert dull the appetite 

12. The correct usage of bandage during first aid.

– To mobilize a fracture

– To support an injured part /make an arm sling

        – To stop bleeding /create pressure

       – To hold a dressing in place                                                              (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

13. Rooms that are closely related to the kitchen.

– Sitting Room

– Dining room

– Food Store                                                                                   (Any 2×1 = 2 marks )

14. Characteristic of a mango fruit that is spoilt.

– It turns black in color

      – It has an offensive smell

– It may have maggots

– It is likely to have fruit flies

– It has unpleasant smell

       – The juice trickles out                                                                    (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

15. Vaccinations that is given to a baby at fourteen weeks.

– DPT

– Polio

– Hepatitis B

– HIB (Pneumococcal)                                                                        (Any 2×1 = 2 marks )

16. Apart from use in the kitchen salt is used for.

        – Fixing color on article

– Removing stain on iron box

– Removing stains from clothes                                               (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

17. Disadvantages of relying on solar energy in the home.                                               

      – The battery requires frequent replacement and this can be expensive.

– In case of prolonged cloud cover, the means shortage of solar power.

            – Its use is mainly limited to lightening and operating of electricity appliances but

 not cooking.                                                                   (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

18. Why interfacing is done on collars, cuffs and bands.                                     

            – Bring out edges of the area.

                  – Gives them body.

                  – Prevents sagging of the area                                     (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

1. Reasons why a shopping list is useful to the consumer.                                                          

            –           To ensure that no item is forgotten.

            –           Helps one to keep within the list items.

            –           Reduces chances of overspending.                 (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

•  Qualities  of  a well made short crust pastry

            –           Crispy

            –           Crumbly

            –           Light                                                                         (Any 2×1 = 2 marks)

SECTION B

21) Explanation on how to clean the glass jug that was used to serve juice.          

• Collect equipment and materials needed ½ to save on time ½
• Rinse  ½ off the juice to keep the cleaning water clean ½
• Wash  in warm soapy ½ water with a sponge ½ to remove dirt  ½ and avoid scratching  ½
• Pay special attention inside ½ to ensure all the juice is removed ½
• Rinse ½ with warm water to remove dirt  and detergent ½

–      Drip ½ dry ½ on a rack to avoid fluffs ½ remove water ½ 

       –     Clean ½ the equipment used to maintain ½ them       

                                                                      (Any 7 x ½ points explained ½ = 7 marks)

b) The procedure of laundering a fast colored cotton blouse with wax stain.         

                        –    Collect all equipment and materials required. (½)

                        –     Scrape (½) the loose wax with a blunt object (½)

                             –     On the W.S ½ and R.S  ½ of the stained area ½ place a blotting paper ½ and remove the stain  by ironing ½ on the blotting paper with a moderate hot ½ iron till the stain is absorbed  by the paper ½

– Shake to remove loose ½

– Wash (½) in warm (½) soapy (½) water using friction (½) method.

       – Rinse (½) in warm (½) water.

 – Finally rinse (½) in cold (½) water into which vinegar (½) is added.

– Dry on a clothes line (½) under the shade (½) WS ½ out by the way it is worn ½ using pegs ½

       – Iron ½ when not completely (½) dry with a moderately (½) hot iron.

       – Air (½)

       – Fold   ½ and store ½ appropriately

– Clean ½ and store the equipment used.                   (Any 26 points x ½ = 13 marks)

SECTION C

• a) Effects that is likely to occur when a baby does not breast feed well.
• Breast engorgement can set in since the breast is not empted
• Baby is likely to be malnourished since it will not get the proper nutrient as  from breast milk
•  Bond between baby and mother would reduce since the act of breast feeding that encourages bonding would lack
• Dental cavity of the baby would not be good since the suckling that helps the arrangement would lack

– Family is likely to spend much more since complementary /supplementary foods are expensive

                                                              (Any 4 (1) points explained (1) = 8 marks)

    b) With an aid of one diagram explanation how to make running stitches.   

               – Take two pieces of fabric with the R.S ½ facing

               –  Work from right ½ to left ½

• Start  ½ with a back stitch½ to secure the stitches
  • Put the needle in ½ and out ½ of the fabric keeping the stitches small ½ & even ½.
  • Work one stitch ½ at a time

Diagram 1 mark   (explanations any 10 x ½ and diagram 1 = 6 marks)

C )  Factors that would  affect the efficiency of a detergent        

–           Temperature of the water used

–           The washing time

–           Mechanical action

–           Whether the water is soft or hard

–           The type of soiling of the article

–           Degree of soiling of the article

                                                           ( Any 6 points x 1 = 6 marks )

23 a) Advantages of buying a house                                               

–           The property serves as an investment

–           One feels secure and stable when living in one’s own house

–           One can extend and renovate at one’s own will

–           One can rent it out thus generate income.

–          This is a quick way of being able to provide family shelter

                                                                   (Any 4 points x 1 = 4 points)

 b) Preparation of an interfaced collar ready for attachment.                 

                        – Place two collar pieces together with RS (½) facing, matching the notches and FL. (½)

                        – Pin, tack along the FL (½) leaving the neck edge free. (½)

                        – Remove pins.

                        – Machine stitch along the FL (½) making sharp corners (½) at each point.

                        – Remove tacking. (½)

                        – Press (½) the seam open.

                        – Trim (½) the seam allowance and snip (½) the corners diagonally (½). 

   Notch the seam allowance.

                        – Turns the collar inside out (½)

                        – Press (½) to obtain a good knife edge.           (Any 16 points x ½ = 8 marks )

   C.) Reasons that make silk not suitable for a hospital bed sheet.                     

• Easily damaged by high temperatures, hospital bed sheets must be frequently sterilized.
• Easily damaged by alkalis and acids – hospital bed sheets are usually stained with medicines and other stains hence require strong fabrics.
• Weakened by long exposure to sunlight – hospital linens are exposed to the sunlight for further sterilization.
• Silk is weak when wet-hospital linen requires frequent washing which silk cannot stand.                             ( Any 4 points (1) explained (1) = 8 marks )

24 a) Explained points to avoid when choosing clothes for a full figure

            –           Avoid large patterned fabric since they exaggerate ones size.

–           Avoid wearing belts as they break the long line – if the design of the garment includes a belt, have it narrow and of the same colour as the garment.

–           Avoid clothes made of fluffy or bulky fabrics- they tend to exaggerate the figure.

–           Avoid too much jewellery since they exaggerate the figure

–           Avoid bright colours since they exaggerate figures size.

               –        Avoid tight-fitting outfits – they show bulges and extra curves

                                                                        (Any 4 points (1) explained (1) = 8 marks)

    b) Reasons why a consumer should be protected                      

–           To ensure that products and services are of good quality so that consumers are not exploited with poor quality goods and low quality services

–           To ensure that goods are of the right quantity so that the right amounts are sold

–           To ensure that prices charged on goods and services are fair, because without price control, consumers would be over charged.

–           To ensure that consumers get the right information

–           To ensure that consumers get the right information

–           To ensure that the health of the consumer is safeguard.                       (Any 4 x1=4 marks)

c) Meaning of the terms

i ) Isolation   – this is a way of keeping the sick  with contagious disease away from the other people who are not sick

ii) Quarantine  – separates and restricts the movement of people who are  exposed to a contagious disease

Disinfection – a way of eliminating pathogenic microorganisms

Sterilization – is a process of killing, removing, deactivating all forms microbial life (germ)

                                                  (Term explained well 4×2=8 marks)