Questions 1: READING COMPREHENSION

1. What shows that women take selfies seriously?                                                                     2mks

According to a poll in 2015, the average woman between 16 and 25 years old spends over five hours a weekü¹. Also women take an average of seven shots to get one imageü¹

2.Mention two drastic procedures that you can use to alter your image

Bone structure, slimming your waistline, erasing pimples

3.Explain how selfies become harmful to those who take them.                                            3mks

When they become a measure of self-worthü1. Use of make up and multiple attempts one feels like they’re not going to stack-upü1. It also leads to a lot of self-scrutiny as girls try to perfect their own images and make comparisons to the pictures their peers are postingü1.

4.What do you think is the different message one’s daughter gets when she opens Snapchat?                                                                                                 2mks

That they’re not as beautiful the way they are when she sees images of her peers that have used lenses that alter appearances seem more beautiful than she is. ü2

5.Explain the relationship between self-esteem and social media.                                         3mks

Self-esteem often takes a hit when one starts comparing themselves too much to other people, which is something social media seems to be made for. A study found that frequently viewing selfies led to decreased self esteem and decreased life satisfaction/and another showed higher weight dissatisfaction and self-objectificationü3.

6.Dr. Hamlet acknowledges that some of the filters are fun and distort in amusing ways, but also points out there’s a so-called “pretty filter” on Instagram and Snapchat. (Replace the underlined words with a suitable word)

Alter

7.From the passage identify two apps mentioned that can be used to alter image 2 marks

Instagram

snapchat

8.Illustrate and comment on the effectiveness of quotation from authority.             2mks

It lends support to the writer’s argumentü1 and shows that other people hold the same viewü1.

9.Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the passage:  4mks

1. stack-up – measure up
2. overwhelming – vey great or intense
3. self-esteem – confidence in one’s worth; self respect
4. self-objectification – when people view themselves as objects for use.

EXCERPT

a)What happens after this excerpt?                                                                      (3mks)

Mama Milanoi wondered how they would have handled the question of Resian’s circumcision. She also wondered how Oloisudori would react when Resian rebuffed him. She feared for her daughter’s life.

b)How could the culture, Mama Milanoi is thinking about, come to her rescue in her current predicament basing your answer from elsewhere in the text?                (3mks)

Culture would not have allowed Oloisudori, who was the age of her husband, be her son-in-lawü1. She would have appealed to the elders court which certainly would have ruled her husband out of order and possibly fined him together with his purported son-in-lawü1. Culture-abusers and their collaborators would have been shamed through a public rebuke and a cleansing ceremonyü1. Also, culture gave her room to call for mass action which was swift, vindictive and decisiveü1.                                     

c)Explain the relationship between the current state of the Nasila river and the Nasilian culture                                                                                                                                                                 2mks

Both the Nasila river and Nasilian culture have been pollutedü2. Mama Milanoi says that the water was no longer the water she drew when she was a little girl…the water had been pollutedü1. And so was Nasila culture…it was now defiled and polluted by the likes of Oloisudoriü1.

• Explain how the Kaelo family find themselves at conflict with the Nasilian culture  3mks

The intoiye nemengalana status of ole kaelo’s daughters, Resian and Taiyo. The girls had delayed in undergoing the circumcision against the society’s expectation. Ole Kaelo’s monogamous marriage.

d)What do we learn about Resian and Mama Milanoi from this excerpt?                                                     4mks

-Assertive/Self-assured/Confident/Bold – no amount of intimidation or threats could easily break her/she knew her rights

Observant

Informed

Realistic

e)Explain the major issue emerging from this excerpt?                                              2mks

Change – But Nasila water was no longer the water she drew when she was a little girl. / Yes, change was creeping in. Her daughters were different. They had gone through a school system that intermingled them with children from other cultures 

f)What is the prevailing mood in this excerpt?                                                                       2mks

Melancholic – It would not be long, Mama Milanoi reasoned sorrowfully, before the life-giving water of Nasila began to sicken and kill./ Her daughter Resian, Mama Milanoi thought sadly, as she turned once more on her bed, was a hard nut to crack

g)Illustrate one stylistic device evident in this excerpt.                                              2marks

Rhetorical questions – Was there no one to tame the likes of Oloisudori?

Simile

Local language

– Resian was a hard nut to crack

h)In those days the water was so clean and clear that the pebbles on the riverbed were visible.

(Rewrite the sentence starting with; So…)                                                                                    1mk

So clean and clear was the water that the pebbles on the riverbed were visible.

1. Explain the meaning of the word and phrase as used in the passage

i)Intermingled

ii)Hard nut to crack

3.POETRY

1. The persona is a grandchild “My grandmother” (2 mks)
2.             -Stanza 1: describes her grandmother (1×4 mks)

   -Stanza 2: describes the incident which causes guilt

   – Stanza 3: shows her grandmother in retirement

   -Stanza 4: after her grandmother has died, the persona reflects on her grandmother’s life and her own memories

•  
• Simile  – “like antique objects” to show persona’s objection to the way she was treated by the grandmother (2 mks)
• Metaphor – “the smells of absences; the place smelt old” (2 mks)
• The persona feels indifferent towards her grandmother. “and when she died I felt no grief at all” (2 mks)
• Symbolic of her death and absence. (2 mks)
• The persona uses a regretful tone. “I still could feel the guilt …Of that refusal, guessing how she felt” (2 mks)
• It means that the grandmother was attached to the things she had but she really didn’t use them. They did not have any value to her apart from being attached to them. (2 mks)

h. The persona feels guilty for having failed to accompany his/her grandmother out, because he/she didn’t want to be used as one of the antique item. (2 mks)

Q4. GRAMMAR

Fill in the blank space with the correct form of the word in blackets

1.         The prices of the items were not negotiable (negotiate)

2.         The students were quite receptive to the new teacher (receive)

3.         The ease received a just verdict because the judge was incorruptible (corrupt)

4.         The students’ preference of staying in school to going home for halfterm was welcome (prefer)

Fill in the blank spaces with the correct preposition

1.         We danced  to rhythm of their drums

2.         I have placed the coffee table in the shade of that tree

3.         The thief dashed into the house when he saw the police officers.

Fill in the blank spaces with a suitable phrasal verb formed from

The word in brackets.

1.         We surely cannot put up with such insults (put)

2.         The captain backed up his crew throughout the trial (back)

3.         Students have to work very hard to make up for lost time (make)

Combine the following sentences using a participle phrase

Having seen the photographs of the place, I had no desire to go there.

Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given.

1.         as soon as the students completed the exams, they returned all the books to the library (Begin:  No sooner).

• No sooner had the students completed the exams than they returned all the books to the library.

2.         If you invite him, he will come to the party (Rewrite………….. unless………………..)

• He will not come to the party unless you invite him.

3.         My class teacher intervened.  I was not sent home (combine into one sentence using Bur for)

• But for my class teacher’s intervention, I would have been sent home.