Name: …………………………………….………………………  Adm. …………. Class: ……

                                                                                      Candidate’s Signature: ………………….

                                                                                       Date: ……………………………………..

101/2

ENGLISH

Paper 2

(Comprehension, Literary Appreciation and Grammar)  

July/August, 2023

Time: 2 ½ Hours

MOKASA II JOINT EVALUATION EXAMINATION

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

101/2

ENGLISH

Paper 2 (Comprehension, Literary Appreciation and Grammar)

Time: 2 ½ Hours

Instructions to students

• Write your name, admission number and class in the spaces provided.
• Sign and write the date of the examination in the spaces provided.
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided
• All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.
• This paper consists of 11 printed pages.
• Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing
•  Candidates must answer all questions in English

Question	Maximum Score	Student’s Score	Examiner’s Initials
1	20
2	25
3	20
4	15
TOTAL	80

1. COMPREHENSION (20 marks)

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.

Drugs are widely available, and although it is illegal, many adolescents are involved in the use of illicit drugs.  Adolescent drug use is one of the most important problems facing children today, according to recent opinion polls.

This is not the first time, however, that drug use has been seen as a serious problem.  Since out for prohibition.  Opium, cocaine and marijuana have all been objects of anti-drug campaigns.

While the use of crack by inner city delinquents continue to make headlines in the nation’s newspapers, surveys constantly indicate that adolescent drug use in general is declining.  However, even though their usage has declined, alcohol and cigarettes remain the overwhelming drugs of choice among youths in the United States today.

Sociological theories suggest that the causes of adolescents’ drug use are varied.  Strain theory posits that drug use is the result of a youth’s failure to make it in either the legitimate or illegitimate world.  Social learning theory argues that adolescents learn to use drugs from peers, much as they learn other forms of social behavior from each other.  According to social control theory, the weakening of social controls allows an adolescent to become involved with drugs.

How should society respond to adolescent drug use?  The punitive response involves hiring more police, building more prisons, and creating more severe sentences.  This approach has encouraged the creation of military-style boot camps, suspension of driver’s  licenses, suspension from school, eviction from public housing, and drug testing in schools, and prevention and treatment responses have become very popular.

Unfortunately, few schools-based education and prevention programmes appear to work, and treatment programmes that are effective are unable to meet the growing number of clients.  Decriminalization of legalization of drugs raises many questions.  Should all drugs be made legal, subject to regulation, or should only certain drugs be legalized?

Finally, attempts to change the lives and environments of children assume that drug use is only a facet of a larger, more complex milieu of social problems facing today’s youths.  Poverty, unemployment, homelessness, abuse and lack of hope creates an environment in which drug use, as well as other forms of delinquency, is likely to occur.

But possible solutions to the larger problems may actually be within our reach.  Among programmes found to be effective are those that provide preschool education, prevent teenage pregnancy and strengthen the family.

Questions

1. Comment on the use of style in paragraph 1                                                        (1 mark)

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• Give the causes of drug use among the youth according to sociological theories.      (3 marks)

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• What are the three ways in which a society can respond to adolescent drug use?       (3 marks)

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• Apart from drug abuse, give other social problems mentioned in the passage faced by the youth.                                                                                                               (2 marks)

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• Make notes on reasons why punitive response is a bad approach of eradicating adolescent drug use. (3 marks)

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• “Adolescent drug use is one of the most important problems facing children today.”   (Rewrite adding a question tag) (1 mark)

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• What is the tone in the passage                                                                             (3 marks)

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• Give the meanings of the following words as used in the passage                      (3 marks)
• Delinquents .……………………………………………………………..
• Decriminalization ………………………………………………………..
• Punitive …………………………………………………………………..
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• Read the extract below and then answer the questions that follow.                   (25 marks)

In the heat of passion, when no one reasons clearly, who has not at one time or another misinterpreted a kind word from a friend? Who has not then reacted to it with disappointment, though, in the light of subsequent reflection, laughter would have been the appropriate response? Ms Mahmoud’s intention had been to conceal eagerness to accept Engineer Tahir’s offer of tomato soup by refusing it, believing that to accept it too enthusiastically would have been unseemly. By burying her response under layers of coyness, she only sought to show that no actually meant yes. As a proper Libyan woman, she had felt she had to do this right: by letting him fill in the blanks that she left blank for him.

Engineer Tahir misinterpreted a sweet no as a sour no and reacted to it violently. Convicted it was a rebuff dealt to hurt him, he stormed back to his office in a fit of rage. Believing Ms Mahmoud had said no to put him down, he felt humiliated, by a woman who, for all her big smiles, was nevertheless his junior by many miles. Unwisely, he vowed to retaliate.

As she was removing her head veil the next morning, readying for laboratory work that it would have impeded, he went and slapped her. What made this assault seem ‘reasonable’ was that it happened during ‘Heritage Week’, a period that the leader of Libya had set aside to give his people time to celebrate their renowned history.

Apparently, then, Engineer Tahir slapped Ms Mahmoud to administer discipline on a female subordinate for shedding her veil in public, in violation of Libyan culture. In truth, he did it to take revenge against someone who, he thought, had rejected his advances. Discipline, revenge, or whatever it in fact was, she did not take it lying down. She struck back. Had she stopped to think of the chain of events her reaction might set off, she would have restrained herself.

Yet, in the heat of anger, when no one thinks logically, who has not reacted by reflex and hit back on being hit first? Who has not so reacted even if, in the light of likely future consequences, turning the other cheek would have been a better response? Ms Mahmoud hit back by reflex. A letter opener, obeying her hand, sliced through a semicircle of air and found a soft target. Its tip, sharp on the day of purchase but sharper and sharper each day from use caught Engineer Tahir in his left eye and slit it open. That was ‘the accident’.

• Explain what happens just before the events in this extract.                                  (3 marks) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………

• Briefly discuss any two themes raised in the extract?                                                (4 marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Comment on the use of rhetorical questions in the last paragraph of the extract.    (3 marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………
• With reference to the other part of the novel, outline the events that motivate Engineer Tahir’s anger towards his country’s regime?                                                            (3 marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………
• What does this extract reveal about the men’s attitude towards women?               (3 marks) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………
• Identify and illustrate Engineer Tahir’s character as brought out in the extract.     (2 marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………
• Describe what happens immediately after the events presented in this extract.         (3 marks) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Engineer Tahir misinterpreted a sweet no as a sour no and reacted to it violently. (Rewrite this sentence using a participle)                                                                                (1 mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
• Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the extract.    (3 marks)
• Conceal …………………………………………………………………………………
• put him down …………………………………………………………………………..
• heat of anger …………………………………………………………………………..

• Read the poem below and answer the questions that follow      (20 Marks)

Love Is Not All

Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink                                                                                                     Nor slumber nor a roof against the rain;                                                                                                 Nor yet a floating spar to men that sink                                                                                                   And rise and sink and rise and sink again;                                                                                                      Love cannot fill the thickened lung with breath,                                                                                    Nor clean the blood, nor set the fractured bone;                                                                                                     Yet many a man is making friends with death                                                                                   Even as I speak, for lack of love alone.                                                                                                      It well may be that in a difficult hour,                                                                                                 Pinned down by pain and moaning for release,                                                                                       Ornagged by want past resolution’s power,                                                                                       Imight be driven to sell your love for peace,       

It well may be. I do not think I would.                                                                           

 By Edna St Vincent Millay (From Literature: The Human Experience: Reading and Writing by Richard Abcarian and Marvin Klotz, 2009).

1. Identify the persona in the poem above.                                                           (2 marks) 

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1. Briefly explain what this poem is about.                                                           (3 marks)

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1. In not more than 2 sentences, summarize the basic needs that cannot be satisfied by love as shown in the poem?                                                                                        (3 marks)

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1. Comment on any two figures of speech used in the poem.                              (4 marks)

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• What does the persona mean by this line: “Yet many a man is making friends with death”? (2 marks)

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• What does the line the last line reveal about the persona’s character? (2 marks)

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• Describe the mood evident in the poem above.                                                           (3 marks)

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• Explain the meaning of each of the following expressions as used in the poem.                                                                                                                                                (2 marks)
• Nagged………………………………………………………………
• Sell…………………………………………………………………..

4. Grammar (20 marks)

1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Do not change the meaning.  (4 marks)
2. Kaberia rejected the chance to study at a prestigious college. (Rewrite, replacing the underlined word with a phrasal verb) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Kibet’s pen was found in the dustbin by Atwoli. (Rewrite in the active voice) …………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Turn off the tap. (Add a question tag) …………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I have never seen such a big aircraft. (Begin: Never…) …………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Fill in each blank space in the following sentences with the appropriate pronoun (3 marks)
7. Is that …………. (he/him) seating on top of a pick up?
8. Ndege,  …………… (who/whom) he introduced to you, is a very fine actor.
9. The winners are Aredi and ………………(her/she)
10. Fill the blank spaces in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions (3 marks)
11. ………………………… Muturi and Nkirote, there will be two other couples.
12. We are prohibited …………………… parking our bicycles at the gate.
13. The carpenter made a shelf………………wood.
14. Punctuate the following sentence correctly (2 marks)
15. can you tell me asked otieno how many syllables are in the word keep ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. we should have left earlier said kamau we have done only a quarter of the journey so far ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

• Rewrite the following sentences correctly ( 2 marks)
• If today was Sunday, I would have gone to church. ………………………………………………………………………………….
• We returned back to our school before 7.00 p.m. …………………………………………………………………………………..
• Give the two meanings brought out in the sentence below (1 mark)

The girl told the story to her brother was brave.

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